Greenhouse gases from wastewater treatment - A review of modelling tools

被引:158
作者
Mannina, Giorgio [1 ]
Ekama, George [2 ]
Caniani, Donatella [3 ]
Cosenza, Alida [1 ]
Esposito, Giovanni [4 ]
Gori, Riccardo [5 ]
Garrido-Baserba, Manel [6 ]
Rosso, Diego [6 ,7 ]
Olsson, Gustaf [8 ]
机构
[1] Univ Palermo, Dipartimento Ingn Civile, Ambientale, Aerospaziale,Mat, Viale Sci, I-90100 Palermo, Italy
[2] Univ Cape Town, Dept Civil Engn, Water Res Grp, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, Cape, South Africa
[3] Univ Basilicata, Dept Engn & Phys Environm, Viale Ateneo Lucano 10, I-85100 Potenza, Italy
[4] Univ Cassino & Southern Lazio, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, Via Biasio 43, I-03043 Cassino, FR, Italy
[5] Univ Florence, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Via Santa Marta 3, I-50139 Florence, Italy
[6] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
[7] Univ Calif Irvine, Water Energy Nexus Ctr, Irvine, CA 92697 USA
[8] Lund Univ, Dept Ind Elect Engn & Automat IEA, Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
关键词
Greenhouse gas; Emission; Carbon footprint; Nitrous oxide; Methane; Nitrification; Denitrification; Wastewater; AMMONIA-OXIDIZING BACTERIA; NITROUS-OXIDE PRODUCTION; BENCHMARK SIMULATION-MODEL; DECISION-SUPPORT-SYSTEM; TREATMENT-PLANT CONTROL; ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; N2O EMISSIONS; REDUCTION; CARBON; DENITRIFICATION;
D O I
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.163
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Nitrous oxide, carbon dioxide and methane are greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted from wastewater treatment that contribute to its carbon footprint. As a result of the increasing awareness of GHG emissions from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), new modelling, design, and operational tools have been developed to address and reduce GHG emissions at the plant-wide scale and beyond. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art and the recently developed tools used to understand and manage GHG emissions from WWTPs, and discusses open problems and research gaps. The literature review reveals that knowledge on the processes related to N2O formation, especially due to autotrophic biomass, is still incomplete. The literature review shows also that a plant-wide modelling approach that includes GHG is the best option for the understanding how to reduce the carbon footprint of WWTPs. Indeed, several studies have confirmed that a wide vision of the WWPTs has to be considered in order to make them more sustainable as possible. Mechanistic dynamic models were demonstrated as the most comprehensive and reliable tools for GHG assessment. Very few plant-wide GHG modelling studies have been applied to real WWTPs due to the huge difficulties related to data availability and the model complexity. For further improvement in GHG plant-wide modelling and to favour its use at large real scale, knowledge of the mechanisms involved in GHG formation and release, and data acquisition must be enhanced. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:254 / 270
页数:17
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