Multihop routing with static and distributed clustering in WSNs

Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Networks are one of the fundamental infrastructures for IoT technology. Although WSN has been researched for a decade, providing energy efficiency for resource-constrained sensor nodes is still a hot topic given the widespread usage of real-time WSN applications. For ensuring scalability, recent studies focus on multi-hop routing schemes. In this paper, a fully distributed, multi-hop intra and inter-cluster communication based static clustering scheme (MI(2)RSDiC) is proposed for WSNs. Differently from the studies in literature, MI(2)RSDiC suggests a limited re-evaluation opportunity to the nodes in clustering phase for optimized decision, an adaptive threshold-based cluster head alteration for energy efficiency and a multi-hop communication at every transmission stage for supporting large-scale WSNs. The proposed approach is compared with recent approaches and the results show that MI(2)RSDiC yields the highest lifetime of the network with achieving the least energy consumption and the largest amount of collected data among the equivalent approaches.