A Constant Energy-Per-Cycle Ring Oscillator Over a Wide Frequency Range for Wireless Sensor Nodes

被引:51
作者
Lee, Inhee [1 ]
Sylvester, Dennis [1 ]
Blaauw, David [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
关键词
Current starved; energy efficient; leakage based; low power; oscillator; switched-capacitor DC-DC; converter; wide frequency range; wireless sensor node (WSN); VOLTAGE; DESIGN;
D O I
10.1109/JSSC.2016.2517133
中图分类号
TM [电工技术]; TN [电子技术、通信技术];
学科分类号
0808 ; 0809 ;
摘要
This paper presents an energy-efficient oscillator for wireless sensor nodes (WSNs). It avoids short-circuit current by minimizing the time spent in the input voltage range from Vthn to [V-dd - vertical bar V-thp vertical bar]. A current-feeding scheme with gate voltage control enables the oscillator to operate over a wide frequency range. A test chip is fabricated in a 0.18 mu m CMOS process. The measurements show that the proposed oscillator achieves a constant energy-per-cycle (EpC) of 0.8 pJ/cycle over the 21-60 MHz frequency range and is more efficient than a conventional current-starved ring oscillator (CSRO) below 300 kHz at 1.8 V supply voltage. As an application example, the proposed oscillator is implemented in a switched-capacitor DC-DC converter. The converter is 11%-56% more efficient for load power values ranging from 583 pW to 2.9 nW than a converter using a conventional CSRO.
引用
收藏
页码:697 / 711
页数:15
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