Construction of Nanocarriers Based on Endogenous Cell Membrane and Their Application in Nanomedicine

Comprehensive Summary Inspired by the adaptation of cells to the surrounding environment, the combination of cell membrane and nanomaterials has gradually become a new type of biomimetic nanocomposite. The construction of endogenous membrane biomimetic nanocarriers (EMBNs) not only retains the structure of membrane surface protein, but also has the properties of nanoparticles (NPs), also provides the ability of natural interaction between nanomaterials and organisms, thus overcoming the severe challenges faced by traditional nanodelivery systems in clinical application. In this paper, the construction methods of EMBNs are reviewed, focusing on a simple method to prepare membrane proteins. Secondly, EMBNs were classified according a variety of cell membranes. Finally, the unique advantages of EMBNs in nanomedicine are introduced, including improving biocompatibility, homologous targeting ability, prolonging blood circulation time and immune escape ability. In nanomedicine, such as targeted delivery, phototherapy, immunotherapy and tumor imaging, multifaceted biological interfaces through membrane masking provide a new approach for the development of multifunctional NPs.