Prevalence and predictors of co-occurring diabetes and hypertension in community-dwelling older adults

AimThe objectives of the present study were to estimate the prevalence of co-occurring diabetes and hypertension among older adults, examine predictors of co-occurring diabetes and hypertension, and ascertain whether predictors varied by race. MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out using a statewide survey of Alabama community-dwelling older adults (n=1204). Measures of central tendency and frequency distributions were used for univariate analysis. Logistic regression was used to predict co-occurring diabetes and hypertension. ResultsThe prevalence of co-occurring diabetes and hypertension among older adults was 17%. African American race (OR 2.28, 95% CI 1.596-3.255), body mass index 30 (OR 2.45, 95% CI 1.732-3.463), heart disease (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.355-2.756) and eye disease (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.018-2.024) were associated positively with co-occurring diabetes and hypertension. ConclusionsThe prevalence of co-occurring diabetes and hypertension among older adults was alarmingly high. The notable difference in the likelihood of co-occurring diabetes and hypertension is representative of a racial health disparity that largely disfavors African American older adults. Findings from the present study highlight a need for identification of older adults who have and who are at risk of co-occurring diabetes and hypertension in the general population and in clinical settings, and the development and implementation of suitable interventions, particularly targeting older African American adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1356-1360.