The use of nonglycosylated recombinant human bone morphogenic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) released from a fibrin matrix to promote arthrodesis in an equine pastern joint

Arthrodesis is often necessary as the definitive treatment of degenerative joint disease. In the horse, the extended bone healing period presents particular challenges and requires long rest periods. In the last years bone growth factors were isolated, which then have been shown to accelerate bone healing after arthrodesis in dogs. This report documents the use of bone growth factors to accelerate bony fusion in a horse. Specifically, nonglycosylated rhBMP-2, was used in combination with arthrodesis in a 5-year-old Warmblood mare with severe degenerative joint disease in the left front pastern joint. Surgical technique included the stabilization of the arthrodesis with three 5.5 mm cortical screws inserted in lag fashion. The articular cartilage was partially removed without transsecting the collateral ligaments. Nonglycosylated rhBMP-2 was administered into sagittal defects created in the centrally located cartilage. Follow-up clinical examinations and radiographs revealed a successful outcome within 10 months after surgery with the horse reaching the intended athletic use. The nonglycosylated rhBMP-2/fibrin composite was easy to apply and well tolerated. The composite might be useful to promote joint fusion and fracture healing in combination with internal fixation in equines.