Debris cloud ablation in gas-filled pressure vessels

The responses of unshielded gas-filled pressure vessels subjected to hypervelocity impact (HVI) are discussed. Similarities and differences between gas-filled pressure vessels and Whipple shields are used to analyze the hypervelocity impact event, specifically the impact of the debris cloud on the rearwall of the vessel. Experimental results demonstrate the effects of important pressure vessel parameters and impact conditions. Damage patterns and mechanisms leading to catastrophic rupture are discussed. Ablation of the debris cloud and pressure vessel wall stress are shown to be important phenomena governing the amount of overall pressure vessel damage. Tests also indicate that ablation is enhanced in the presence of oxygen, and is therefore more extensive in air than in nitrogen under similar test conditions.