The prototype detection unit of the KM3NeT detector

被引：38

作者：

Adrian-Martinez, S. ^{[1
]}

Ageron, M. ^{[2
]}

Aharonian, F. ^{[3
]}

Aiello, S. ^{[4
]}

Albert, A. ^{[5
]}

Ameli, F. ^{[6
]}

Anassontzis, E. G. ^{[7
]}

Androulakis, G. C. ^{[12
]}

Anghinolfi, M. ^{[8
]}

Anton, G. ^{[9
]}

Anvar, S. ^{[10
]}

Ardid, M. ^{[1
]}

Avgitas, T. ^{[16
]}

Balasi, K. ^{[12
]}

Band, H. ^{[13
]}

Barbarino, G. ^{[11
,14
]}

Barbarito, E. ^{[15
]}

Barbato, F. ^{[11
,14
]}

Baret, B. ^{[16
]}

Baron, S. ^{[16
]}

Barrios, J. ^{[26
]}

Belias, A. ^{[12
]}

Berbee, E. ^{[13
]}

van den Berg, A. M. ^{[17
]}

Berkien, A. ^{[13
]}

Bertin, V. ^{[2
]}

Beurthey, S. ^{[2
]}

van Beveren, V. ^{[13
]}

Beverini, N. ^{[18
,19
]}

Biagi, S. ^{[20
]}

Biagioni, A. ^{[6
]}

Bianucci, S. ^{[19
]}

Billault, M. ^{[2
]}

Birbas, A. ^{[21
]}

Rookhuizen, H. Boer ^{[13
]}

Bormuth, R. ^{[13
,22
]}

Bouche, V. ^{[6
,23
]}

Bouhadef, B. ^{[19
]}

Bourlis, G. ^{[21
]}

Boutonnet, C. ^{[16
]}

Bouwhuis, M. ^{[13
]}

Bozza, C. ^{[14
,24
]}

Bruijn, R. ^{[13
,25
]}

Brunner, J.

Cacopardo, G. ^{[20
]}

Caillat, L. ^{[2
]}

Calamai, M. ^{[19
]}

Calvo, D. ^{[26
]}

Capone, A. ^{[6
,23
]}

Caramete, L. ^{[27
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Politecn Valencia, Inst Invest Gest Integrada Zonas Costeras, Gandia, Spain

[2] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, IN2P3, CPPM UMR 7346, F-13288 Marseille, France

[3] DIAS, Dublin, Ireland

[4] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Catania, I-95129 Catania, Italy

[5] Univ Haute Alsace, IUT Colmar, GRPHE, Colmar, France

[6] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Roma, Rome, Italy

[7] Univ Athens, Dept Phys, Athens 11528, Greece

[8] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genoa, Italy

[9] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Erlangen Ctr Astroparticle Phys, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany

[10] CEA, Irfu Sedi, Gif Sur Yvette, France

[11] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Napoli, I-80125 Naples, Italy

[12] NCSR Demokritos, Inst Nucl Phys, GR-15310 Athens, Greece

[13] Nikhef, Amsterdam, Netherlands

[14] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Fis, Naples, Italy

[15] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy

[16] Univ Paris Diderot, APC, CNRS IN2P3, Sorbonne Paris Cite,CEA IRFU,Observ Paris, F-75205 Paris, France

[17] Univ Groningen, KVI CART, Groningen, Netherlands

[18] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Pisa, Pisa, Italy

[19] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, Pisa, Italy

[20] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Sud, Catania, Italy

[21] Hellen Open Univ, Sch Sci & Technol, Patras, Greece

[22] Leiden Univ, Leiden Inst Phys, Leiden, Netherlands

[23] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Fis, Rome, Italy

[24] Univ Salerno, Dipartimento Fis, Fisciano, Italy

[25] Univ Amsterdam, Inst Phys, Amsterdam, Netherlands

[26] Univ Valencia, CSIC, IFIC Inst Fis Corpuscular, Valencia, Spain

[27] Inst Space Sci, Bucharest, Romania

[28] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Sez Bologna, I-40126 Bologna, Italy

[29] Univ Bologna, Dipartimento Fis & Astron, Bologna, Italy

[30] Univ Paris 11, Bat 425, F-91405 Orsay, France

[31] Univ Wurzburg, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany

[32] Ist Nazl Fis Nucl, Lab Nazl Frascati, POB 13, I-00044 Frascati, Italy

[33] NIOZ, Texel, Netherlands

[34] Univ Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany

[35] Univ Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands

[36] Univ Erlangen Nurnberg, Dr Remeis Sternwarte, Bamberg, Germany

[37] Univ Cyprus, Dept Phys, CY-1678 Nicosia, Cyprus

[38] CNRS IN2P3, IPHC, Strasbourg, France

[39] Univ Aberdeen, Oceanlab, Aberdeen, Scotland

[40] Univ Genoa, Dipartimento Fis, Genoa, Italy

[41] CEA, Ctr Saclay, Irfu SPP, Gif Sur Yvette, France

[42] Univ Sheffield, Dept Phys & Astron, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England

[43] Accademia Navale Livorno, Livorno, Italy

来源：

EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C | 2016年 / 76卷 / 02期

关键词：

NEUTRINO TELESCOPE; PROJECT; MUONS; PMTS;

D O I：

10.1140/epjc/s10052-015-3868-9

中图分类号：

O412 [相对论、场论]; O572.2 [粒子物理学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

A prototype detection unit of the KM3NeT deep-sea neutrino telescope has been installed at 3500m depth 80 km offshore the Italian coast. KM3NeT in its final configuration will contain several hundreds of detection units. Each detection unit is a mechanical structure anchored to the sea floor, held vertical by a submerged buoy and supporting optical modules for the detection of Cherenkov light emitted by charged secondary particles emerging from neutrino interactions. This prototype string implements three optical modules with 31 photomultiplier tubes each. These optical modules were developed by the KM3NeT Collaboration to enhance the detection capability of neutrino interactions. The prototype detection unit was operated since its deployment in May 2014 until its decommissioning in July 2015. Reconstruction of the particle trajectories from the data requires a nanosecond accuracy in the time calibration. A procedure for relative time calibration of the photomultiplier tubes contained in each optical module is described. This procedure is based on the measured coincidences produced in the sea by the K background light and can easily be expanded to a detector with several thousands of optical modules. The time offsets between the different optical modules are obtained using LED nanobeacons mounted inside them. A set of data corresponding to 600 h of livetime was analysed. The results show good agreement with Monte Carlo simulations of the expected optical background and the signal from atmospheric muons. An almost background-free sample of muons was selected by filtering the time correlated signals on all the three optical modules. The zenith angle of the selected muons was reconstructed with a precision of about 3 degrees.

引用

页码：1 / 12

页数：12

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