Rooting of rose cuttings in response to foliar applications of auxin and surfactant

In five experiments, single-node cuttings of 'Red Cascade' miniature rose (Rosa) were treated with a basal quick-dip (prior to insertion into the rooting substrate) or sprayed to the drip point with a single foliar application (after insertion) of Dip 'N Grow [indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) + 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)], the potassium salt of indole-3-butyric acid (K-IBA), or the potassium salt of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (K-NAA); a single foliar spray application of Dip 'N Grow with and without Kinetic surfactant; or multiple foliar spray applications of Dip 'N Grow. Spray treatments were compared with their respective basal quick-dip controls {4920.4 mum [1000 mg.L-1 (ppm)] IBA + 2685.2 mum (500 mg.L-1) NAA, 4144.2 mum (1000 mg.L-1) K-IBA, or 4458.3 mum (1000 mg.L-1) K-NAA}. Cuttings sprayed with 0 to 246.0 mum (50 mg.L-1) IBA + 134.3 mum (25 mg.L-1) NAA, 0 to 207.2 mum (50 mg.L-1) K-IBA, or 0 to 222.9 pm (50 mg.L-1) K-NAA resulted in rooting percentages, total root length, percent rooted cuttings with shoots, and shoot length similar to or less than control cuttings. Exceptions were cuttings sprayed with 0 to 2.23 mum (0.5 mg.L-1) K-NAA, which exhibited shoot length greater than the control cuttings. Addition of 1.0 mL.L-1 (1000 ppm) Kinetic organosilicone surfactant to spray treatments resulted in greater total root length and shoot length. Repeated sprays (daily up to seven consecutive days) had no or negative effects on root and shoot development.