Minimizing Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis After High-Energy Intra-Articular Fracture

This article serves to provide an overview of molecular and surgical interventions to minimize the progression of post traumatic arthritis following high energy intraarticular fractures. The roles of cartilage and the microcellular environment are discussed, as well as the response of the joint and cartilage to injury. Molecular therapies such as glucocorticoids, mesenchymal stem cells, and bisphosphonates are presented as potential treatments to prevent progression to posttraumatic arthritis. High energy intraarticular fractures of the elbow, hip, knee, and ankle are discussed, with emphasis on restoring anatomical alignment, articular reduction, and stability of the joint.