Modeling material failure in concrete structures under cyclic actions

A constitutive model devised for the analysis of concrete structures, and suitable for generic two- or three-dimensional applications, is presented and validated. For plain concrete a tension-compression distinguishing stress split is performed, and two scalar damage variables account for the degradation induced by the tensile and compressive stress components. As outcomes the model reproduces the stiffness recovery upon load reversal, and it captures the strength enhancement under multiaxial compression. Besides, the simple formulation as well as the extremely reduced number of parameters involved in the concrete model makes it quite suitable for the analysis of real structures, and constitutes a useful design tool. As regards to the nonlinear performance of the steel reinforcement, the explicit Giuffre-Menegotto-Pinto model is adopted. Efficiency of the global model is illustrated via two seismic applications: one concerning an arch dam, and the other a six-floor reinforced concrete wall. The latter application is presented for validation purposes.