Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Uropathogens isolated from adult women with acute uncomplicated cystitis

Background: To evaluate the antibiotic resistance patterns of uropathogens isolated from adult women with acute community-acquired (CA) uncomplicated cystitis. Results: Over a one-year period (May 2015-April 2016), the results of susceptibility testing of outpatient midstream urine samples from 5 different laboratories were prospectively evaluated. The study included only adult women with uncomplicated cystitis. The susceptibility testing in all laboratories was performed using the disk diffusion method with the VITEK-2 Compact system. The isolated uropathogens and their resistance to the tested antibiotics were evaluated. Out of 317 adult women with CA uncomplicated cystitis, 179 had a positive culture. The most commonly isolated organism was Escherichia coli (E. coli) (70.4%), followed by Klebsiella (21.2%). The overall resistance rate was highest for ampicillin (85.6%), followed by cefalotin (56.3%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (54.7%), pipracillin (51.9%), nitrofurantoin (48.8%) and aztreonam (47.4%). Isolated E. coli strains were commonly resistant to ampicillin (80.5%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (72.2%) and aztreonam (71.4%), followed by cefalotin (55.9%). The overall ciprofloxacin resistance rate was 17.9%, and the resistent was found only with E. coli (25.4%). Conclusions: Our results may aid in the selection of proper empiric antibiotic therapy for adult women with acute CA uncomplicated cystitis.