Flavobacterium inviolabile sp. nov. isolated from stream water

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic and non-motile bacterium, designated P2-65(T), was isolated from Moonsan stream water in the Republic of Korea. The temperature, NaCl concentration and pH ranges for growth of strain P2-65(T) were 10-37 degrees C, 0.0-3.0% (w/v) and 6.5-8.5 with optimum growth at 25-30 degrees C, 0.0-1.0% and 7.0-7.5, respectively. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain P2-65(T) was closely related to Flavobacterium cauense (95.4%) and Flavobacterium cheniae (95.3%). The major fatty acids were iso-C-15:0, iso C-17:0 3-OH, summed feature 3 (C-16:1 omega 7c and/or C-16:1 omega 6c), summed feature 9 (iso-C-17:1 omega 9c and/or 10-methyl C-16:0) and iso-C-15:0 3-OH. The predominant respiratory quinone was menaquinone-6 (MK-6). The major polar lipids detected in the strain were phosphatidylethanolamine, one aminophospholipid, one unidentified aminolipid and one unidentified polar lipid. The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 39.7%. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values for strain P2-65(T) with closely related Flavobacterium species were below 74.8% and 20%, respectively. Based on polyphasic features, strain P2-65(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Flavobacterium, for which the name Flavobacterium inviolabile sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is P2-65(T) (= KCTC 62055(T) = NBRC 112953(T)).