Coupling between Chemical and Meteorological Processes under Persistent Cold-Air Pool Conditions: Evolution of Wintertime PM2.5 Pollution Events and N2O5 Observations in Utah's Salt Lake Valley

被引:78
作者
Baasandorj, Munkhbayar [1 ,2 ]
Hoch, Sebastian W. [2 ]
Bares, Ryan [2 ]
Lin, John C. [2 ]
Brown, Steven S. [4 ,5 ]
Millet, Dylan B. [7 ]
Martin, Randal [8 ]
Kelly, Kerry [3 ]
Zarzana, Kyle J. [4 ,6 ]
Whiteman, C. David [2 ]
Dube, William P. [4 ,6 ]
Tonnesen, Gail [9 ]
Jaramillo, Isabel Cristina [3 ]
Sohl, John [10 ]
机构
[1] Utah Dept Environm Qual, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA
[2] Univ Utah, Dept Atmospher Sci, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
[3] Univ Utah, Dept Chem Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
[4] NOAA, Div Chem Sci, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA
[5] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[6] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[7] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA
[8] Utah State Univ, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA
[9] Environm Protect Agcy Reg VIII, Denver, CO 80202 USA
[10] Weber State Univ, Dept Phys, Ogden, UT 84408 USA
基金
美国国家环境保护局; 美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; PARTICULATE MATTER; AMMONIUM-NITRATE; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; MIXING LAYER; RURAL SITE; AEROSOL; ATMOSPHERE; URBAN; TEMPERATURE;
D O I
10.1021/acs.est.6b06603
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
The Salt Lake Valley experiences severe fine particulate matter [GRAPHIC] pollution episodes in winter during persistent cold-air pools (PCAPs). We employ measurements throughout an entire winter from different elevations to examine the chemical and dynamical processes driving these episodes. Whereas primary pollutants such as NOx and CO were enhanced twofold during PCAPs, O-3 concentrations were approximately threefold lower. Atmospheric composition varies strongly with altitude within a PCAP at night with lower NOx and higher oxidants (O-3) and oxidized reactive nitrogen (N2O5) aloft. We present observations of N2O5 during PCAPs that provide evidence for its role in cold-pool nitrate formation. Our observations suggest that nighttime and early morning chemistry in the upper levels of a PCAP plays an important role in aerosol nitrate formation. Subsequent daytime mixing enhances surface PM2.5 by dispersing the aerosol throughout the PCAP. As pollutants accumulate and deplete oxidants, nitrate chemistry becomes less active during the later stages of the pollution episodes. This leads to distinct stages of PM2.5 pollution episodes, starting with a period of PM2.5 buildup and followed by a period with plateauing concentrations. We discuss the implications of these findings for mitigation strategies.
引用
收藏
页码:5941 / 5950
页数:10
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