Datura genome reveals duplications of psychoactive alkaloid biosynthetic genes and high mutation rate following tissue culture

被引:7
作者
Rajewski, Alex [1 ]
Carter-House, Derreck [2 ]
Stajich, Jason [2 ]
Litt, Amy [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
[2] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
Genome sequencing; Datura stramonium; Alkaloids; Tissue culture; Transposable elements; Transformation; Scopolamine; RNA-SEQ DATA; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT; PROVIDES INSIGHTS; DNA METHYLATION; SOMACLONAL VARIATION; CELL-CULTURES; SEQUENCE; ANNOTATION; PLANTS; EVOLUTION;
D O I
10.1186/s12864-021-07489-2
中图分类号
Q81 [生物工程学(生物技术)]; Q93 [微生物学];
学科分类号
071005 ; 0836 ; 090102 ; 100705 ;
摘要
BackgroundDatura stramonium (Jimsonweed) is a medicinally and pharmaceutically important plant in the nightshade family (Solanaceae) known for its production of various toxic, hallucinogenic, and therapeutic tropane alkaloids. Recently, we published a tissue-culture based transformation protocol for D. stramonium that enables more thorough functional genomics studies of this plant. However, the tissue culture process can lead to undesirable phenotypic and genomic consequences independent of the transgene used. Here, we have assembled and annotated a draft genome of D. stramonium with a focus on tropane alkaloid biosynthetic genes. We then use mRNA sequencing and genome resequencing of transformants to characterize changes following tissue culture.ResultsOur draft assembly conforms to the expected 2 gigabasepair haploid genome size of this plant and achieved a BUSCO score of 94.7% complete, single-copy genes. The repetitive content of the genome is 61%, with Gypsy-type retrotransposons accounting for half of this. Our gene annotation estimates the number of protein-coding genes at 52,149 and shows evidence of duplications in two key alkaloid biosynthetic genes, tropinone reductase I and hyoscyamine 6 beta -hydroxylase. Following tissue culture, we detected only 186 differentially expressed genes, but were unable to correlate these changes in expression with either polymorphisms from resequencing or positional effects of transposons.ConclusionsWe have assembled, annotated, and characterized the first draft genome for this important model plant species. Using this resource, we show duplications of genes leading to the synthesis of the medicinally important alkaloid, scopolamine. Our results also demonstrate that following tissue culture, mutation rates of transformed plants are quite high (1.16x10(-3) mutations per site), but do not have a drastic impact on gene expression.
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页数:19
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