The relationship between bone health and plasma zinc, copper lead and cadmium concentration in osteoporotic women

Osteoporosis is a multi factorial disease with dimension of genetic and nutritional considerations. The aim of this study was to present data from the association of plasma zinc, copper and toxic elements of lead and cadmium levels with bone mineral density in Iranian women. 135 women gave their information and enrolled. Fasting plasma was used for measurement of trace elements and heavy metals by Differential Pulse Anodic Stripping Voltammetry. Control group (n = 51) were normal in both lumbar spine (L-1-L-4) and femoral neck density (T-score >= -1), but just femoral neck T-score was considered as criterion in selection of patient group (n = 49, Tscore < -1). No differences were found in the nutritional status, number of diseases, drugs and functional activities between these groups. Plasma Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd levels were analyzed by, a method of voltammetry. Mean +/- SD levels of copper and zinc was 1.168 +/- 0.115, 1.097 +/- 0.091 mu g/ml in control group, 1.394 +/- 0.133, 1.266 +/- 0.11 mu g/ml in total patient (TP) and 1.237 +/- 0.182, 1.127 +/- 0.176 mu g/ml in Mild patients(-1 > T-score > -1.7), 1.463 +/- 0.174, 1.327 +/- 0.147 mu g/ml in Severe patient group (T-score < -1.7); respectively. Mean +/- SD plasma level of lead and cadmium was 168.42 +/- 9.61 ng/l, 2.91 +/- 0.18 ng/ml in control group, 176.13 +/- 8.64 ng/l, 2.97 +/- 0.21 ng/ml in TP, 176.43 +/- 13.2 ng/l, 2.99 +/- 0.1 ng/ml in mild patients, 221.44 +/- 20 ng/l and 3.80 +/- 0.70 ng/ml in severe patient group, respectively. In this study plasma zinc, copper, lead & cadmium concentrations were higher in the patients than in the control, though differences were not significant. However, differences were higher between the controls and patients with severe disease (T-score < -1.7). In addition adjusted T-score of femur with age and BMI showed negative significant correlation with plasma levels of zinc and lead in total participants (p < 0.05, r = -0.201, p = 0.044, r = -0.201). It seems that more extensive study with larger ample size might supply definite results about this association for copper and cadmium.