Variations of the Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Recent Solar Cycles

被引：28

作者：

Fu, Shuai ^{[1
,2
]}

Zhang, Xiaoping ^{[1
,2
]}

Zhao, Lingling ^{[3
]}

Li, Yong ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Lunar & Planetary Sci, Taipa 999078, Macau, Peoples R China

[2] CNSA Macau Ctr Space Explorat & Sci, Taipa 999078, Macau, Peoples R China

[3] Univ Alabama, Ctr Space Plasma & Aeron Res CSPAR, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES | 2021年 / 254卷 / 02期

基金：

中国国家自然科学基金;

关键词：

CORONAL MASS EJECTIONS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; ENERGY-SPECTRA; DIFFUSION TENSOR; MODULATION; HELIOSPHERE; TRANSPORT; MINIMUM; WIND; FLUX;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4365/abf936

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

In this paper, we study the Galactic cosmic-ray (GCR) variations over the solar cycles 23 and 24, with measurements from NASA's Advanced Composition Explorer/Cosmic Ray Isotope Spectrometer instrument and the ground-based neutron monitors (NMs). The results show that the maximum GCR intensities of heavy nuclei (5 <= Z <= 28, 50 similar to 500 MeV nuc(-1)) at 1 au during the solar minimum in 2019-2020 break their previous records, exceeding those recorded in 1997 and 2009 by similar to 25% and similar to 6%, respectively, and are at the highest levels since the space age. However, the peak NM count rates are lower than those in late 2009. The difference between GCR intensities and NM count rates still remains to be explained. Furthermore, we find that the GCR modulation environment during the solar minimum P (24/25) are significantly different from previous solar minima in several aspects, including remarkably low sunspot numbers, extremely low inclination of the heliospheric current sheet, rare coronal mass ejections, weak interplanetary magnetic field and turbulence. These changes are conducive to reduce the level of solar modulation, providing a plausible explanation for the record-breaking GCR intensities in interplanetary space.

引用

页数：12

共 81 条

[1] Primary particle acceleration above 100 TeV in the shell-type supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 with deep HESS observations [J].

Aharonian, F. ;

Akhperjanian, A. G. ;

Bazer-Bachi, A. R. ;

Beilicke, M. ;

Benbow, W. ;

Berge, D. ;

Bernloehr, K. ;

Boisson, C. ;

Bolz, O. ;

Borrel, V. ;

Braun, I. ;

Brion, E. ;

Brown, A. M. ;

Buehler, R. ;

Buesching, I. ;

Carrigan, S. ;

Chadwick, P. M. ;

Chounet, L. -M. ;

Coignet, G. ;

Cornils, R. ;

Costamante, L. ;

Degrange, B. ;

Dickinson, H. J. ;

Djannati-Atai, A. ;

Drury, L. O'C. ;

Dubus, G. ;

Egberts, K. ;

Emmanoulopoulos, D. ;

Espigat, P. ;

Feinstein, F. ;

Ferrero, E. ;

Fiasson, A. ;

Fontaine, G. ;

Funk, Seb. ;

Funk, S. ;

Fuessling, M. ;

Gallant, Y. A. ;

Giebels, B. ;

Glicenstein, J. F. ;

Glueck, B. ;

Goret, P. ;

Hadjichristidis, C. ;

Hauser, D. ;

Hauser, M. ;

Heinzelmann, G. ;

Henri, G. ;

Hermann, G. ;

Hinton, J. A. ;

Hoffmann, A. ;

Hofmann, W. .

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2007, 464 (01) :235-243

[2] Primary particle acceleration above 100 TeV in the shell-type supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 with deep H.E.S.S. observations (vol 464, pg 235, 2007) [J].

Aharonian, F. ;

Akhperjanian, A. G. ;

Bazer-Bachi, A. R. ;

Beilicke, M. ;

Benbow, W. ;

Berge, D. ;

Bernloehr, K. ;

Boisson, C. ;

Bolz, O. ;

Borrel, V. ;

Braun, I. ;

Brion, E. ;

Brown, A. M. ;

Buehler, R. ;

Buesching, I. ;

Carrigan, S. ;

Chadwick, P. M. ;

Chounet, L-M. ;

Coignet, G. ;

Cornils, R. ;

Costamante, L. ;

Degrange, B. ;

Dickinson, H. J. ;

Djannati-Atai, A. ;

Drury, L. O'C. ;

Dubus, G. ;

Egberts, K. ;

Emmanoulopoulos, D. ;

Espigat, P. ;

Feinstein, F. ;

Ferrero, E. ;

Fiasson, A. ;

Fontaine, G. ;

Funk, Seb ;

Funk, S. ;

Fuessling, M. ;

Gallant, Y. A. ;

Giebels, B. ;

Glicenstein, J. F. ;

Glueck, B. ;

Goret, P. ;

Hadjichristidis, C. ;

Hauser, D. ;

Hauser, M. ;

Heinzelmann, G. ;

Henri, G. ;

Hermann, G. ;

Hinton, J. A. ;

Hoffmann, A. ;

Hofmann, W. .

ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS, 2011, 531

[3] Status Of Galactic Cosmic Ray Recovery From Sunspot Cycle 23 Modulation [J].

Ahluwalia, H. S. ;

Ygbuhay, R. C. .

TWELFTH INTERNATIONAL SOLAR WIND CONFERENCE, 2010, 1216 :699-702

[4]

BABCOCK HD, 1958, SCIENCE, V127, P1058

[5] THE SUNS POLAR MAGNETIC FIELD [J].

BABCOCK, HD .

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 1959, 130 (02) :364-&

[6] Large scale modulation: View from the Earth [J].

Belov, A .

SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, 2000, 93 (1-2) :79-105

[7]

Bieber J.W., 2013, AIP C PROC 1516 CENT, P234

[8] Coronal mass ejections and forbush decreases [J].

Cane, HV .

SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, 2000, 93 (1-2) :55-77

[9] An Observed Decline in the Amplitude of Recent Solar-Cycle Peaks [J].

Chapman, G. A. ;

de Toma, G. ;

Cookson, A. M. .

SOLAR PHYSICS, 2014, 289 (10) :3961-3967

[10] Composition of anomalous cosmic rays [J].

Cummings, A. C. ;

Stone, E. C. .

SPACE SCIENCE REVIEWS, 2007, 130 (1-4) :389-399

← 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 →