Why are women predisposed to autoimmune rheumatic diseases?

被引：132
作者：
Oliver, Jacqueline E. [2 ]
Silman, Alan J. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Arthritis Res Campaign, St Marys Gate S41 7TD, Chesterfield, England
[2] Univ Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England
来源：
ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY | 2009年 / 11卷 / 05期
关键词：
SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; RISK-FACTORS; REPRODUCTIVE FACTORS; TESTOSTERONE LEVELS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; HEALTHY WOMEN; SEX-HORMONES;
D O I：
10.1186/ar2825
中图分类号：
R5 [内科学];
学科分类号：
1002 ; 100201 ;
摘要：
The majority of autoimmune diseases predominate in females. In searching for an explanation for this female excess, most attention has focused on hormonal changes - both exogenous changes (for example, oral contraceptive pill) and fluctuations in endogenous hormone levels particularly related to menstruation and pregnancy history. Other reasons include genetic differences, both direct (influence of genes on sex chromosomes) and indirect (such as microchimerism), as well as gender differences in lifestyle factors. These will all be reviewed, focusing on the major autoimmune connective tissue disorders: rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and scleroderma.
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页数：9
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