MicroRNA-146a contributes to CD4+ T lymphocyte differentiation in patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy

MicroRNA-146a (miR-146a) is associated with human inflammatory disease, such as thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), but its role in human T cells and relevance to TAO remains ambiguous. In this study, T cells of TAO patients showed downregulated expression of miR-146a. We characterized miR-146a in T cells and examined miR-146a as a critical inhibitor of Th1 differentiation processes. MiR-146a inhibited Th1 differentiation processes and cell proliferation of T-lymphocytes. Thus, the results showed that miR-146a was a potent inhibitor of Th1 differentiation and cell proliferation of human T cells and dysregulation of miR-146a contributed to the pathogenesis of TAO.