A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome

被引：2467

作者：

Green, Richard E. ^{[1
]}

Krause, Johannes ^{[1
]}

Briggs, Adrian W. ^{[1
]}

Maricic, Tomislav ^{[1
]}

Stenzel, Udo ^{[1
]}

Kircher, Martin ^{[1
]}

Patterson, Nick ^{[2
]}

Li, Heng ^{[2
]}

Zhai, Weiwei ^{[3
]}

Fritz, Markus Hsi-Yang ^{[4
]}

Hansen, Nancy F. ^{[5
]}

Durand, Eric Y. ^{[3
]}

Malaspinas, Anna-Sapfo ^{[3
]}

Jensen, Jeffrey D. ^{[6
]}

Marques-Bonet, Tomas ^{[12
]}

Alkan, Can ^{[7
]}

Pruefer, Kay ^{[1
]}

Meyer, Matthias ^{[1
]}

Burbano, Hernan A. ^{[1
]}

Good, Jeffrey M. ^{[1
,8
]}

Schultz, Rigo ^{[1
]}

Aximu-Petri, Ayinuer ^{[1
]}

Butthof, Anne ^{[1
]}

Hoeber, Barbara ^{[1
]}

Hoeffner, Barbara ^{[1
]}

Siegemund, Madlen ^{[1
]}

Weihmann, Antje ^{[1
]}

Nusbaum, Chad ^{[2
]}

Lander, Eric S. ^{[2
]}

Russ, Carsten ^{[2
]}

Novod, Nathaniel ^{[2
]}

Affourtit, Jason ^{[10
]}

Egholm, Michael ^{[10
]}

Verna, Christine ^{[19
]}

Rudan, Pavao

Brajkovic, Dejana ^{[9
]}

Kucan, Zeljko

Gusic, Ivan

Doronichev, Vladimir B. ^{[11
]}

Golovanova, Liubov V. ^{[11
]}

Lalueza-Fox, Carles ^{[12
]}

de la Rasilla, Marco ^{[13
]}

Fortea, Javier ^{[13
]}

Rosas, Antonio ^{[14
]}

Schmitz, Ralf W. ^{[15
,16
]}

Johnson, Philip L. F. ^{[17
]}

Eichler, Evan E. ^{[7
]}

Falush, Daniel ^{[18
]}

Birney, Ewan ^{[4
]}

Mullikin, James C. ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Evolutionary Genet, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[2] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA

[3] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA

[4] European Bioinformat Inst, European Mol Biol Lab, Hinxton CB10 1SD, Cambs, England

[5] NHGRI, Genome Technol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA

[6] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Program Bioinformat & Integrat Biol, Worcester, MA 01655 USA

[7] Univ Washington, Dept Genome Sci, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[8] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA

[9] Croatian Acad Sci & Arts, Inst Quaternary Paleontol & Geol, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia

[10] 454 Life Sci, Branford, CT 06405 USA

[11] ANO Lab Prehist, St Petersburg, Russia

[12] Inst Evolutionary Biol UPF CSIC, Barcelona 08003, Spain

[13] Univ Oviedo, Dept Hist, Area Prehist, Oviedo, Spain

[14] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Dept Paleobiol, E-28006 Madrid, Spain

[15] Landschaftverband Rheinlund Landesmuseum Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany

[16] Univ Bonn, Abt Vor & Fruhgeschichtl Archaol, D-5300 Bonn, Germany

[17] Emory Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA

[18] Univ Coll Cork, Dept Microbiol, Cork, Ireland

[19] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Dept Human Evolut, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[20] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA

来源：

SCIENCE | 2010年 / 328卷 / 5979期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

DNA-SEQUENCES; ANCIENT DNA; ENZYMATIC AMPLIFICATION; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; PATTERNS; GENE; NUCLEOTIDE; CHROMOSOME; DIVERSITY; ADMIXTURE;

D O I：

10.1126/science.1188021

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Neandertals, the closest evolutionary relatives of present-day humans, lived in large parts of Europe and western Asia before disappearing 30,000 years ago. We present a draft sequence of the Neandertal genome composed of more than 4 billion nucleotides from three individuals. Comparisons of the Neandertal genome to the genomes of five present-day humans from different parts of the world identify a number of genomic regions that may have been affected by positive selection in ancestral modern humans, including genes involved in metabolism and in cognitive and skeletal development. We show that Neandertals shared more genetic variants with present-day humans in Eurasia than with present-day humans in sub-Saharan Africa, suggesting that gene flow from Neandertals into the ancestors of non-Africans occurred before the divergence of Eurasian groups from each other.

引用

页码：710 / 722

页数：13

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