Revisiting the relationship between suicide and unemployment: Evidence from linear and nonlinear cointegration

被引:21
作者
Chang, Tsangyao [1 ]
Chen, Wen-Yi [2 ]
机构
[1] Feng Chia Univ, Dept Finance, 100 Wenhwa Rd, Taichung 407, Taiwan
[2] Natl Taichung Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Senior Citizen Serv Management, 193,Sec 1,Sanmin Rd, Taichung 40343, Taiwan
关键词
Unemployment; Suicide; ARDL model; NARDL model; Asymmetry; ECONOMIC RECESSION; GREAT RECESSION; PASS-THROUGH; RATES; MORTALITY; IMPACT; ENGLAND; PRICES; CRISIS; HEALTH;
D O I
10.1016/j.ecosys.2016.06.004
中图分类号
F [经济];
学科分类号
02 ;
摘要
This study employs the linear and nonlinear ARDL cointegration methodologies to examine the potential symmetric and asymmetric responses of suicide rates to unemployment rates in the US from 1928 to 2013. Our results suggest that suicide rates are pro-cyclical with respect to the business cycle (measured by changes in the unemployment rate) after extensively controlling for divorce and fertility rates. Unemployment has symmetric long-run effects on the age-adjusted suicide rate and four age-specific (from ages 25-34 to 55-64) suicide rates, while the effect of an economic expansion on suicide rates for those aged over 45 is greater than the effect of an economic recession. These findings imply that the effect of an economic expansion on the decrease of the suicide rate is higher than the effect of an economic recession on the increase of the suicide rate for individuals aged over 45. Therefore, intervention designed to reduce suicidal behaviors should emphasize periods of economic recession more than periods of economic expansion for those of middle age and beyond. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:266 / 278
页数:13
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