The HAWC Real-time Flare Monitor for Rapid Detection of Transient Events

被引:15
作者
Abeysekara, A. U. [1 ]
Alfaro, R. [2 ]
Alvarez, C. [3 ]
Alvarez, J. D. [4 ]
Arceo, R. [3 ]
Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C. [4 ]
Avila Rojas, D. [2 ]
Solares, H. A. Ayala [5 ]
Barber, A. S. [1 ]
Bautista-Elivar, N. [6 ]
Gonzalez, J. Becerra [7 ]
Becerril, A. [2 ,3 ]
Belmont-Moreno, E. [2 ]
BenZvi, S. Y. [8 ]
Bernal, A. [9 ]
Braun, J. [10 ]
Brisbois, C. [5 ]
Caballero-Mora, K. S. [3 ]
Capistran, T. [11 ]
Carraminana, A. [11 ]
Casanova, S. [12 ,13 ]
Castillo, M. [4 ]
Cotti, U. [4 ]
Cotzomi, J. [14 ]
Coutino de Leon, S. [11 ]
De la Fuente, E. [15 ]
De Leon, C. [14 ]
Diaz-Velez, J. C. [15 ]
Dingus, B. L. [16 ]
DuVernois, M. A. [10 ]
Ellsworth, R. W. [17 ]
Engel, K. [18 ]
Fiorino, D. W. [18 ]
Fraija, N. [9 ]
Garcia-Gonzalez, J. A. [2 ]
Garfias, F. [9 ]
Gerhardt, M. [5 ]
Gonzalez, M. M. [9 ]
Gonzalez Munoz, A. [2 ]
Goodman, J. A. [18 ]
Hampel-Arias, Z. [10 ]
Harding, J. P. [16 ]
Hernandez, S. [2 ]
Hernandez-Almada, A. [2 ]
Hona, B. [5 ]
Hui, C. M. [19 ]
Huentemeyer, P. [5 ]
Iriarte, A. [9 ]
Jardin-Blicq, A. [13 ]
Joshi, V. [13 ]
机构
[1] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA
[2] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Fis, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
[3] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico
[4] Univ Michoacana, Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
[5] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA
[6] Univ Politecn Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico
[7] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA
[8] Univ Rochester, Dept Phys & Astron, Rochester, NY 14627 USA
[9] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
[10] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys, 1150 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA
[11] Inst Nacl Astrofis Opt & Electr, Puebla, Mexico
[12] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, Krakow, Poland
[13] Max Planck Inst Nucl Phys, Heidelberg, Germany
[14] Benemeita Univ Autonoma Puebla, Fac Ciencias Fis Matemat, Puebla, Mexico
[15] Univ Guadalajara, Ctr Univ Ciencias Exactase Ingn, Dept Fis, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
[16] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Phys Div, Los Alamos, NM USA
[17] George Mason Univ, Sch Phys Astron & Computat Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA
[18] Univ Maryland, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA
[19] NASA Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Astrophys Off, Huntsville, AL USA
[20] Univ New Mexico, Dept Phys & Astron, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA
[21] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Phys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[22] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Relat Astrophys, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA
[23] Michigan State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA
[24] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Catedras Conacyt Inst Astron, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
[25] Inst Politecn Nacl, Ctr Invest Computac, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
[26] Penn State Univ, Dept Phys, University Pk, PA 16802 USA
[27] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN, Phys Dept, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
[28] Univ Autonoma Estado Hidalgo, Pachuca, Mexico
[29] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Nucl, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
[30] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Inst Particle Phys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA
[31] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会;
关键词
astroparticle physics; BL Lacertae objects: individual (Mrk 421; Mrk; 501); gamma-rays: galaxies; methods: data analysis; EXTRAGALACTIC BACKGROUND LIGHT; GAMMA-RAY FLARE; ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEUS; X-RAY; CRAB-NEBULA; ENERGY; TEV; EMISSION; VARIABILITY; RADIATION;
D O I
10.3847/1538-4357/aa789f
中图分类号
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号
0704 ;
摘要
We present the development of a real-time flare monitor for the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory. The flare monitor has been fully operational since 2017 January and is designed to detect very high energy (VHE; E greater than or similar to 100 GeV) transient events from blazars on timescales lasting from 2 minutes to 10 hr in order to facilitate multiwavelength and multimessenger studies. These flares provide information for investigations into the mechanisms that power the blazars' relativistic jets and accelerate particles within them, and they may also serve as probes of the populations of particles and fields in intergalactic space. To date, the detection of blazar flares in the VHE range has relied primarily on pointed observations by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. The recently completed HAWC observatory offers the opportunity to study VHE flares in survey mode, scanning two-thirds of the entire sky every day with a field of view of similar to 1.8 steradians. In this work, we report on the sensitivity of the HAWC real-time flare monitor and demonstrate its capabilities via the detection of three high-confidence VHE events in the blazars Markarian 421 and Markarian 501.
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