Nonlinear methods for evaluating and online predicting the lifetime of fuel cells

被引:63
作者
Pei, Pucheng [1 ,2 ]
Chen, Dongfang [1 ]
Wu, Ziyao [1 ]
Ren, Peng [1 ]
机构
[1] Tsinghua Univ, State Key Lab Automot Safety & Energy, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
[2] Tsinghua Univ, Collaborat Innovat Ctr Intelligent New Energy Veh, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金;
关键词
Fuel cell lifetime prediction; Service lifetime; Nonlinear; Hydrogen crossover current; First-order control system; PERFORMANCE DEGRADATION; DURABILITY; MODEL; PEMFC; STACK; RELIABILITY; PROTOCOLS; NETWORK;
D O I
10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.113730
中图分类号
TE [石油、天然气工业]; TK [能源与动力工程];
学科分类号
0807 ; 0820 ;
摘要
Lifetime evaluation and prediction is a key topic for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, which can contribute to prolong the durability and accelerate the commercialization of fuel cells. In this paper, a linear formula to evaluate the maximum service lifetime of fuel cells for vehicle applications and several nonlinear formulas to predict the lifetime of fuel cells are presented. The terminal voltage of fuel cells at the rated condition is defined as the average cell voltage decreasing by ca. 10% from the start rated voltage at the rated condition. A nonlinear formula based on the variation of the hydrogen crossover is derived, which reveals that the variation of the hydrogen crossover is the main factor for the nonlinear lifetime degradation of fuel cells. The nonlinear formula based on the time response of first-order control systems (FOCS) for the overall process is proposed, and the segment point between linear and nonlinear degradation is also defined by this formula. Then a more accurate segmented formula with linear lifetime formula and nonlinear lifetime formula based on the time response of FOCSs for the local process is derived. Finally, the segmented formula is verified by experiment results of the single cell and fuel cell stacks and practical operating results of fuel cell vehicles. Moreover, methods for lifetime evaluation in the laboratory and online prediction in the vehicle are proposed.
引用
收藏
页数:10
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