Does etiology of end-stage renal disease affect sleep quality in kidney transplant recipients?

Background. That hypertension (HTN) as a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is linked to sleep disorders in the general population can be the basis of a hypothesis that HTN may be a contributing factor to the poor quality of sleep in some kidney transplant recipients. This study was designed to investigate the correlation between ESRD secondary to HTN and sleep quality among kidney transplant recipients. Methods. In this case control study, 201 kidney transplant recipients were divided into group I (ESRD) secondary to HTN, (n = 82) and group II (ESRD secondary to other causes, n = 119). The groups were matched for medical comorbidities, demographic and clinical data, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Sleep quality assessed by means of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was compared between the study groups. Results. The mean (SD) of the total PSQI score was significantly high in group I compared with group II (7.42 +/- 2.36 vs 6.60 +/- 3.07, P = .042). Similar results were observed for the sleep duration scores in the groups (1.22 +/- 1.12 vs 0.86 +/- 1.12, P = .026). In group I, all the other PSQI components were higher than those in group II, difference that were statistically significant. Conclusion. Sleep quality and duration was poorer among our kidney transplant recipients with ESRD secondary to HTN compared with the controls. Further studies, however, are required to investigate whether HTN is responsible for the reported poor quality of sleep in some kidney transplant recipients.