Interfering pathways for photon blockade in cavity QED with one and two qubits

We theoretically study the quantum-interference-induced photon blockade and antiblockade phenomenon in an atom-cavity QED system, where the destructive [constructive] interference between two different transition pathways prohibits [enhances] two-photon excitation. To begin with, we study a single-atom-cavity QED system where the atom or cavity is driven by a coherent pump field. We show that the cavity-driven case will lead to the quantum-interference-induced photon blockade under a specific condition, but such an interference-induced photon blockade cannot be realized in the atom-driven case. This is an important consequence of the pathways possible for the two types of drives. Then, we investigate the two-atom case, and find that an additional transition pathway appears in the atom-driven case. We show that this additional transition pathway results in the quantum-interference-induced photon blockade only when the atomic resonant frequency is different from the cavity mode frequency otherwise antiblockade occurs. Moreover, in this case, the condition for realizing the interference-induced photon blockade is independent of the system's intrinsic parameters, which can be used to generate antibunched photons in both weak and strong coupling regimes.