Development of the Applications of Palladium on Charcoal in Organic Synthesis

Palladium on charcoal (Pd/C) has lots of salient merits: (i) it is a cheap and commercial source of palladium, (ii) it shows efficient catalytic activity even without ligands, (iii) as a heterogeneous catalyst it is easily recycled many times by simple filtration, and (iv) it is applicable to a great number of reactions and substrates, although it is eventually less efficient than homogeneous Pd catalysts containing some sophisticated ligands. This review recalls the main background and summarizes the progress made essentially during the last twelve years in Pd/C-catalyzed organic synthesis since the reviews by Felpin Q s group and Seki in 2006. 1 Introduction 2 Properties of Pd/C 3 Applications of Pd/C 3.1 Dehydrogenation 3.2 Michael Addition 3.3 C-C Coupling 3.3.8 Homo-Coupling 3.4 C-N Coupling 3.5 C-S Coupling 3.6 C-P Coupling 3.7 Si-O Coupling 3.8 C-O Coupling 3.9 Carbonylation 3.10 Polymerization 3.11 Oxidation 3.12 Hydrogenolysis 3.13 Hydrogenation 3.14 Cyclization 4 Conclusion and Outlook