A critical review of mechanisms involved in the adsorption of organic and inorganic contaminants through biochar

被引:163
作者
Abbas, Zohaib [1 ]
Ali, Shafaqat [2 ]
Rizwan, Muhammad [2 ]
Zaheer, Ihsan Elahi [2 ]
Malik, Afifa [3 ]
Riaz, Muhammad Ahsan [2 ]
Shahid, Muhammad Rizwan [4 ]
Rehman, Muhammad Zia ur [4 ]
Al-Wabel, Mohammad I. [5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Vet & Anim Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Lahore, Pakistan
[2] Govt Coll Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Allama Iqbal Rd, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
[3] Govt Coll Univ, Sustainable Dev Study Ctr, Lahore, Pakistan
[4] Univ Agr Faisalabad, Inst Soil & Environm Sci, Faisalabad, Pakistan
[5] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Soil Sci, POB 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
关键词
Biochar; Organic contaminants; Inorganic contaminants; Removal mechanisms; SLUDGE-DERIVED BIOCHAR; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; ENVIRONMENTAL BLACK CARBON; HEAVY-METAL REMOVAL; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; PYROLYSIS TEMPERATURE; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; MAGNETIC BIOCHAR; FUNCTIONALIZED BIOCHAR;
D O I
10.1007/s12517-018-3790-1
中图分类号
P [天文学、地球科学];
学科分类号
07 ;
摘要
Successful application of low-cost adsorbent like biochar has introduced multidisciplinary areas of science, particularly with respect to remediation of both organic and inorganic contaminants in soil and water. This review briefly consolidates the currently available literature to comprehend the overall adsorption mechanisms of organic and inorganic contaminants through biochar. Generally, biochar produced at low pyrolysis temperature is suitable for the adsorption of inorganic contaminants by following the adsorption mechanisms of electrostatic interaction, precipitation, and ion exchange. However, relatively high pyrolysis temperature favors the adsorption of organic contaminants by increasing the surface area and micropores of biochar along with pore filling and hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction as predominant adsorption mechanisms. This review also summarizes the critical factors (pyrolysis temperature, solution pH, dosage of biochar, contact time, co-existed ions, modification/activation, aging process, etc) affecting the overall adsorption efficiency of the biochar. Overall, further field studies and experimentation are required for the reduction of cost in biochar production and its reuse.
引用
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页数:23
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