Endoscopic above and below approach with frontal septotomy in a patient with frontal mucocele: a contralateral bypass drainage procedure through the frontal septum

Frontal sinus has complex anatomy and is the most difficult sinus to dissect under the nasal endoscope. In case of difficult accessibility through the frontal recess, we can make a detour to more invasive and external procedures to treat chronic or intractable frontal sinus diseases. However, these approaches usually need advanced surgical skills and sometimes can result in minor and/or major complications. Therefore, we developed a new surgical technique to treat frontal mucocele in a patient with severe new bone formation at the frontal recess and presented our experiences with literature review. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.