The 30 Year Search for the Compact Object in SN 1987A

被引：33

作者：

Alp, Dennis ^{[1
]}

Larsson, Josefin ^{[1
]}

Fransson, Claes ^{[2
]}

Indebetouw, Remy ^{[3
,4
]}

Jerkstrand, Anders ^{[5
]}

Ahola, Antero ^{[6
]}

Burrows, David ^{[7
]}

Challis, Peter ^{[8
]}

Cigan, Phil ^{[9
]}

Cikota, Aleksandar ^{[10
]}

Kirshner, Robert P. ^{[8
,11
]}

van Loon, Jacco Th. ^{[12
]}

Mattila, Seppo ^{[6
]}

Ng, C. -Y. ^{[13
]}

Park, Sangwook ^{[14
]}

Spyromilio, Jason ^{[10
]}

Woosley, Stan ^{[15
]}

Baes, Maarten ^{[16
]}

Bouchet, Patrice ^{[17
,18
]}

Chevalier, Roger ^{[19
]}

Frank, Kari A. ^{[20
]}

Gaensler, B. M. ^{[21
]}

Gomez, Haley ^{[9
]}

Janka, Hans-Thomas ^{[5
]}

Leibundgut, Bruno ^{[10
]}

Lundqvist, Peter ^{[2
]}

Marcaide, Jon ^{[22
]}

Matsuura, Mikako ^{[9
]}

Sollerman, Jesper ^{[2
]}

Sonneborn, George ^{[23
]}

Staveley-Smith, Lister ^{[24
]}

Zanardo, Giovanna ^{[24
]}

Gabler, Michael ^{[5
]}

Taddia, Francesco ^{[2
]}

Wheeler, J. Craig ^{[25
,26
]}

机构：

[1] KTH Royal Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Oskar Klein Ctr, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[2] Stockholm Univ, Dept Astron, Oskar Klein Ctr, AlbaNova, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden

[3] Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA

[4] Univ Virginia, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA

[5] Max Planck Inst Astrophys, Karl Schwarzschild Str 1, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[6] Univ Turku, Dept Phys & Astron, Tuorla Observ, Vaisalantie 20, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland

[7] Penn State Univ, Dept Astron & Astrophys, 525 Davey Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA

[8] Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, 60 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA

[9] Cardiff Univ, Sch Phys & Astrophys, Queens Bldg, Cardiff CF24 3AA, S Glam, Wales

[10] European Southern Observ, Karl Schwarzschild Str 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany

[11] Gordon & Betty Moore Fdn, 1661 Page Mill Rd, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA

[12] Keele Univ, Lennard Jones Labs, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England

[13] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Phys, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China

[14] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Phys, Box 19059,108 Sci Hall, Arlington, TX 76019 USA

[15] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA

[16] Univ Ghent, Sterrenkundig Observ, Krijgslaan 281 S9, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[17] Univ Paris Saclay, CEA, IRFU, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France

[18] Univ Paris Diderot, CNRS, AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France

[19] Univ Virginia, Dept Astron, POB 400325, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA

[20] Northwestern Univ, CIERA, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA

[21] Dunlap Inst Astron & Astrophys, 50 St George St, Toronto, ON M5S 3H4, Canada

[22] Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, Spain

[23] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Observat Cosmol, Code 665, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA

[24] Univ Western Australia, ICRAR, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia

[25] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Astron, RLM 15308, Austin, TX 78712 USA

[26] Univ Texas Austin, McDonald Observ, Austin, TX 78712 USA

来源：

ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL | 2018年 / 864卷 / 02期

基金：

瑞典研究理事会; 欧洲研究理事会;

关键词：

stars: black holes; stars: neutron; supernovae: individual (SN 1987A); HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; INTEGRAL FIELD SPECTROSCOPY; LARGE-MAGELLANIC-CLOUD; RAY EMISSION-LINES; NEUTRON-STAR; SUPERNOVA REMNANT; CIRCUMSTELLAR RING; TIDAL DISRUPTION; BLACK-HOLES; UPPER LIMIT;

D O I：

10.3847/1538-4357/aad739

中图分类号：

P1 [天文学];

学科分类号：

0704 ;

摘要：

Despite more than 30 years of searching, the compact object in Supernova (SN) 1987A has not yet been detected. We present new limits on the compact object in SN 1987A using millimeter, near-infrared, optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray observations from ALMA, VLT, HST, and Chandra. The limits are approximately 0.1 mJy (0.1 x 10(-26) erg s(-1) cm(-2) Hz(-1)) at 213 GHz, 1 L-circle dot (6 x 10(-29) erg s(-1) cm(-2) Hz(-1)) in the optical if our line of sight is free of ejecta dust, and 10(36) erg s(-1) (2 x 10(-30) erg s(-1) cm(-2) Hz(-1) ) in 2-10 keV X-rays. Our X-ray limits are an order of magnitude less constraining than previous limits because we use a more realistic ejecta absorption model based on three-dimensional neutrino-driven SN explosion models. The allowed bolometric luminosity of the compact object is 22 L-circle dot if our line of sight is free of ejecta dust, or 138L(circle dot) if dust-obscured. Depending on assumptions, these values limit the effective temperature of a neutron star (NS) to <4-8 MK and do not exclude models, which typically are in the range 3-4 MK. For the simplest accretion model, the accretion rate for an efficiency 77 is limited to <10(-11) eta(-1) M-circle dot yr(-1), which excludes most predictions. For pulsar activity modeled by a rotating magnetic dipole in vacuum, the limit on the magnetic field strength (B) for a given spin period (P) is B less than or similar to 10(14) P-2 G s(-2), which firmly excludes pulsars comparable to the Crab. By combining information about radiation reprocessing and geometry, we infer that the compact object is a dust-obscured thermally emitting NS, which may appear as a region of higher-temperature ejecta dust emission.

引用

页数：24

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