Early Attentional Deficits in an Attention-to-Prepulse Paradigm in ADHD Adults

被引：29

作者：

Conzelmann, Annette ^{[1
]}

Pauli, Paul ^{[1
]}

Mucha, Ronald F. ^{[1
]}

Jacob, Christian P. ^{[2
]}

Gerdes, Antje B. M. ^{[1
]}

Romanos, Jasmin ^{[3
]}

Baehne, Christina G. ^{[2
]}

Heine, Monika ^{[2
]}

Boreatti-Huemmer, Andrea ^{[2
]}

Alpers, Georg W. ^{[1
]}

Fallgatter, Andreas J. ^{[2
]}

Warnke, Andreas ^{[3
]}

Lesch, Klaus-Peter ^{[2
]}

Weyers, Peter ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Wurzburg, Dept Psychol Biol Psychol Clin Psychol & Psychoth, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany

[2] Univ Wurzburg, Dept Psychiat & Psychotherapy, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany

[3] Univ Wurzburg, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat & Psychotherapy, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany

来源：

JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY | 2010年 / 119卷 / 03期

关键词：

startle response; ADHD; attention; prepulse facilitation; prepulse inhibition; STARTLE EYEBLINK MODIFICATION; ANTERIOR CINGULATE CORTEX; HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; INHIBITION; MODULATION; METHYLPHENIDATE; REFLEX; BOYS; ABNORMALITIES;

D O I：

10.1037/a0019859

中图分类号：

B849 [应用心理学];

学科分类号：

040203 ;

摘要：

Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were examined for early and late attentional processes as a function of controlled attention. The test paradigm was the attentional modulation of prepulse inhibition (PPI; early controlled attentional processing) and prepulse facilitation (PPF; late controlled attentional processing). In 49 patients and 49 controls, the authors measured acoustic startle responses to 96-dB startle pulses preceded 120, 240 (for PPI), 2,000, and 4,500 (for PPF) ms by a 68-dB prepulse noise. Geometric figures signaled that prepulses were to be ignored or attended to (automatic vs. controlled attention). ADHD patients exhibited deficits in prepulse modulation, but these reflected an interaction of controlled attention and time of information processing. Normal PPI and PPF occurred under all conditions except for controlled attentional modulation of PPI. Attention deficits in ADHD patients may reflect not general derangements in information processing or ability to attend but, rather, selective disturbances of controlled attention during early information processing.

引用

页码：594 / 603

页数：10

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