The utilisation solutions of olive mill by-products in the terms of sustainable olive oil production: a review

Despite the high economic and nutritional value as major positive aspects, olive oil production has an unfavourable side, which is the negative environmental impact caused by the generation of significant amounts of liquid and solid wastes. Therefore, the implementation of sustainable technologies to add value to the olive oil production process is a matter of great interest. This study aimed to review novel solutions dealing with the utilisation of olive oil production by-products while taking into account sustainable waste management options. The most promising technologies for the production of high-added value products from olive oil production by-products have been described with a special attention to the sustainable nonthermal technologies for the extraction of bioactive phenolic compounds, and the key findings of such investigations were reviewed. All described technologies are environmentally friendly and show great potential. Nevertheless, further researches are required to optimise and increase their applicability.