Characterization of Mcmar1, a mariner-like element with large inverted terminal repeats (ITRs) from the phytoparasitic nematode Meloidogyne chitwoodi

Two copies of a new mariner-like element (MLE) presenting unusual inverted terminal repeats (ITRs), Mcmar1-2 and Mcmar1-2, were cloned and sequenced in the genome of the phytoparasitic nematode Meloidogyne chitwoodi. Although the sequence features of these Mcmar1 transposons are commonplace and link them to the mariner family, at their extremities they have large 355-pb long inverted terminal repeats that are perfectly conserved. This characteristic distinguishes them from all the other MLEs so far described that have imperfectly conserved ITRs of about 26-30 bp. In consequence, the sequenced full-length Mcmar1-1 element is 2000 bp long, and comprises an uninterrupted open reading frame (ORF) that encodes a putatively active transposase with 340 amino acid residues. The Mcmar1-2 element is a deleted form of Mcmar1-1 that contains a deletion overlapping most of the internal region of the 5'ITR and the 5' region of the transposase ORF. The presence of large ITRs in different transposons related to the Tc1-mariner super-family is discussed. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.