An Energy-Efficient Aggregation and Collection Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network

This paper presents a virtual grid partition and optimal path selection-based data aggregation algorithm (GPOP). Virtual grid structure is a hierarchical network structure constructing based on the geographic location. Data aggregation is conducted in each virtual grid and aggregated packet is sent to base station through multi-hop path. When data forwards between two grids, the optimal transmission distance, the optimal transmission direction and the node residual energy is considered. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that GPOP algorithm effectively reduces energy consumption of data forwarding to extend the network life time. Routing model also supports the data collection in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks and also meets a variety of test needs. In addition, a small part of Super Nodes arranged in the network can balance network load significantly.