Physico-chemical and electrical properties for the production and characterization of Biodiesel

Biodiesel (BD) is a renewable fuel used in diesel engines as a replacement of Diesel Fuel or in blends. Biodiesel was obtained by a transesterification reaction between used frying oils and methanol, using sodium hydroxide as a catalyst. The oils were treated to eliminate water, thus avoiding the formation of soaps during the chemical reaction. The physical and the chemical parameters relevant to the production process were optimized. Particular care was taken during the washing process of Biodiesel. Viscosity, density, electrical properties and refractive index of the Biodiesel were measured at the successive stages of the washing process, together with the electrical properties and pH of the effluents. In order to characterize the final product, calorific value and flash point were also measured. The results are in good agreement with the reference values in applicable standards and in the literature.