Linking plant hydraulics and the fast-slow continuum to understand resilience to drought in tropical ecosystems

被引:193
作者
Oliveira, Rafael S. [1 ]
Eller, Cleiton B. [1 ]
Barros, Fernanda de V. [1 ,2 ]
Hirota, Marina [1 ,3 ]
Brum, Mauro [1 ,4 ]
Bittencourt, Paulo [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Biol, Dept Plant Biol, CP 6109, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil
[2] Univ Exeter, Dept Geog, Exeter EX4 4QE, Devon, England
[3] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Phys, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
[4] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
基金
巴西圣保罗研究基金会;
关键词
Amazon tropical forest; drought; embolism resistance; hydraulic safety margin; plant hydraulic diversity; rainforest; tropical dry forest; tropical savannahs; TURGOR LOSS POINT; TERRESTRIAL CARBON-CYCLE; SOIL-WATER DYNAMICS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WOODY-PLANTS; LEAF TURGOR; PHOTOSYNTHETIC SEASONALITY; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; STOMATAL CONTROL; XYLEM EMBOLISM;
D O I
10.1111/nph.17266
中图分类号
Q94 [植物学];
学科分类号
071001 ;
摘要
Tropical ecosystems have the highest levels of biodiversity, cycle more water and absorb more carbon than any other terrestrial ecosystem on Earth. Consequently, these ecosystems are extremely important components of Earth's climatic system and biogeochemical cycles. Plant hydraulics is an essential discipline to understand and predict the dynamics of tropical vegetation in scenarios of changing water availability. Using published plant hydraulic data we show that the trade-off between drought avoidance (expressed as deep-rooting, deciduousness and capacitance) and hydraulic safety (P50 - the water potential when plants lose 50% of their maximum hydraulic conductivity) is a major axis of physiological variation across tropical ecosystems. We also propose a novel and independent axis of hydraulic trait variation linking vulnerability to hydraulic failure (expressed as the hydraulic safety margin (HSM)) and growth, where inherent fast-growing plants have lower HSM compared to slow-growing plants. We surmise that soil nutrients are fundamental drivers of tropical community assembly determining the distribution and abundance of the slow-safe/fast-risky strategies. We conclude showing that including either the growth-HSM or the resistance-avoidance trade-off in models can make simulated tropical rainforest communities substantially more vulnerable to drought than similar communities without the trade-off. These results suggest that vegetation models need to represent hydraulic trade-off axes to accurately project the functioning and distribution of tropical ecosystems.
引用
收藏
页码:904 / 923
页数:20
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