Feasibility of Cisplatin-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients With Diminished Renal Function

A retrospective analysis assessed chemotherapy tolerability and outcomes of patients with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60 mL/min who received cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Patients with impaired GFR had more treatment discontinuations and modifications relative to normal GFR patients, but most completed intended treatment cycles. For carefully selected patients with impaired GFR, cisplatin-based chemotherapy remains a treatment option. Background: Cisplatin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) before radical cystectomy is the standard of care in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. There are limited data regarding chemotherapy tolerability and outcomes for patients with low glomerular filtration rate (GFR) who receive cisplatin-based NAC. Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis of patients who received cisplatin-based NAC at Cleveland Clinic (2005-2016) was undertaken. Patients with pre-NAC GFR < 60 mL/min by either Coekcroft-Gault (CG) or Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula were compared to patients with GFR >= 60 mL/min for NAC tolerability, pathologic complete and partial response (pPR), and the ability to undergo radical cystectomy. Results: Thirty patients with low GFR (34-59 mL/min) and 94 patients with normal GFR (>= 60 mL/min) were identified. Low GFR patients were older (median, 71 vs. 65 years), but other demographic and transurethral resection of bladder tumor characteristics were comparable. Low GFR patients more frequently had early NAC discontinuation (30% vs. 13%), NAC modifications (delays, dose reduction, or discontinuation, 66% vs. 40%), and cisplatin-based NAC administered in split doses (37% vs. 16%). No differences in NAC tolerability or outcomes were noted among low GFR patients receiving split-dose versus standard regimens. No differences were noted between low and normal GFR patients in NAC cycles (median, 3 for each), cystectomy rates (93% for each), time to cystectomy, and GFR change from baseline to after NAG. Pathologic complete response was higher among normal GFR patients (24% vs. 14%). Conclusion: Patients with low GFR had more NAC discontinuations and modifications, but most completed planned NAC cycles. For carefully selected patients with GFR < 60 mL/min, cisplatin-based NAC remains a treatment option.