Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Ameloblastoma with Immunohistochemical Study

Introduction: Ameloblastoma is the most common benign odontogenic tumor that exhibits aggressive behavior. Aims: This study aimed to characterize and investigate the relationship between the immunostaining levels of multiple tumor markers and the clinical behavior of ameloblastoma. Materials and methods: All cases diagnosed with ameloblastoma were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Pathology. The clinical data were recorded along with histopathological characteristics. Immunohistochemistry was performed using the antibodies syndecan-1, p53, Ki67, and calretinin. Chi-square test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test were performed. Results and discussion: There were 25 cases of ameloblastoma and 10 control cases. The mean age was 32 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 1.2:1. The mandible was the most affected site (84%). The follicular pattern was the most seen variant. Bone invasion was seen in 5 cases. Ki67 immunostaining had no correlation with clinicopathologic parameters (tumor site, histologic variants, bone invasion, surgical resection margin, and recurrence). On the contrary, high syndican-1 immunostaining was associated with the follicular variant of ameloblastoma. Conclusion: The demographic data were consistent with the data reported in the literature. The Immunohistochemical staining pattern was consistent with that reported in the literature, but there was no significant correlation with the clinicopathologic parameters.