Three-dimensional Estimation of Angle of Arrival using Newton-Raphson Method

This paper proposes estimation of the three-dimensional angle of arrival for multiple incoming waves using the Newton-Raphson method. The source locations can be estimated when the error function (the difference between the received and estimated array antenna power) is minimized. The results obtained reveal the angles estimated via the proposed method to contain small errors. Thus, those values do not fall into the local minimum solution.