The Independent and Joint Effects of Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Age on Sentencing Outcomes in US Federal Courts

被引:201
作者
Doerner, Jill K.
Demuth, Stephen
机构
[1] Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Rhode Island, Kingston 02881, 10 Chafee Rd.
关键词
sentencing; race; ethnicity; gender; age; disparity; SAMPLE SELECTION BIAS; GUILTY-PLEAS; BLACK; RACE; ETHNICITY; WHITE; DISPARITIES; GUIDELINES; SEX; INCARCERATION;
D O I
10.1080/07418820902926197
中图分类号
DF [法律]; D9 [法律];
学科分类号
0301 ;
摘要
Using data compiled by the United States Sentencing Commission, we examine the independent and joint effects of race/ethnicity, gender, and age on sentencing decisions in U.S. federal courts. We find that Hispanics and blacks, males, and younger defendants receive harsher sentences than whites, females, and older defendants after controlling for important legal and contextual factors. When these effects are examined in combination, young Hispanic male defendants have the highest odds of incarceration and young black male defendants receive the longest sentences. The findings show considerable variation in the sentencing outcomes of defendants depending on their relative social-structural position in society, and that particularly harsh punishments are focused disproportionately on the youngest Hispanic and black male defendants. Our results reinforce the idea that researchers need to consider the combined impact of multiple defendant statuses on sentencing outcomes because joint effects are considerably larger than the effects of any one defendant characteristic.
引用
收藏
页码:1 / 27
页数:27
相关论文
共 50 条
[31]   Split Sentencing in Florida: Race/Ethnicity, Gender, Age, and the Mitigation of Prison Sentence Length [J].
Peter S. Lehmann ;
Anna I. Gomez .
American Journal of Criminal Justice, 2021, 46 :345-376
[32]   Judicial and prosecutorial decision-making: Assessing the effects of race, gender, and age on federal downward sentencing departures, 2013 - 2016 [J].
Holmes, Bryan ;
D'Amato, Christopher .
JOURNAL OF CRIME & JUSTICE, 2020, 43 (04) :449-466
[33]   HEART FAILURE HOSPITALIZATION BY RACE/ETHNICITY, GENDER AND AGE IN CALIFORNIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR PREVENTION [J].
Husaini, Baqar A. ;
Levine, Robert S. ;
Norris, Keith C. ;
Cain, Van ;
Bazargan, Mohsen ;
Moonis, Majaz .
ETHNICITY & DISEASE, 2016, 26 (03) :345-354
[34]   Updated Assessment of Colorectal Cancer Incidence in the US by Age, Sex, and Race/Ethnicity [J].
Ohri, Ajay ;
Robinson, Ann ;
Liu, Benny ;
Bhuket, Taft ;
Wong, Robert .
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES, 2020, 65 (06) :1838-1849
[35]   The Joint Effects of Offender Race/Ethnicity and Sex on Sentence Length Decisions in Federal Courts [J].
Brennan P.K. ;
Spohn C. .
Race and Social Problems, 2009, 1 (4) :200-217
[36]   The pediatric indications for tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy: Race/ethnicity, age, and gender [J].
Han, Chihun Jim ;
Bergman, Maxwell ;
Harley, Randall J. ;
Harley, Earl H. .
LARYNGOSCOPE INVESTIGATIVE OTOLARYNGOLOGY, 2023, 8 (02) :577-583
[37]   Sentencing Outcomes in US District Courts: Can Offenders' Educational Attainment Guard Against Prevalent Criminal Stereotypes? [J].
Franklin, Travis W. .
CRIME & DELINQUENCY, 2017, 63 (02) :137-165
[38]   US District Court Judicial Diversity: The Impact of Race and Sex Composition on Sentencing Outcomes at the District Level [J].
Crow, Matthew S. ;
Goulette, Natalie .
CRIME & DELINQUENCY, 2024,
[39]   Sentencing Transferred Juveniles in the Adult Criminal Court: The Direct and Interactive Effects of Race and Ethnicity [J].
Lehmann, Peter S. ;
Chiricos, Ted ;
Bales, William D. .
YOUTH VIOLENCE AND JUVENILE JUSTICE, 2017, 15 (02) :172-190
[40]   Associations between sex, race/ethnicity, and age and the initiation of chronic high-risk medication in US older adults [J].
Jungo, Katharina Tabea ;
Choudhry, Niteesh K. ;
Chaitoff, Alexander ;
Lauffenburger, Julie C. .
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY, 2024, 72 (12) :3705-3718