Direct-Write Formation and Dissolution of Silver Nanofilaments in Ionic Liquid-Polymer Electrolyte Composites

被引:4
|
作者
Chao, Zhongmou [1 ]
Radka, Brian P. [1 ]
Xu, Ke [1 ]
Crouch, Garrison M. [2 ]
Han, Donghoon [2 ]
Go, David B. [2 ,3 ]
Bohn, Paul W. [2 ,4 ]
Fullerton-Shirey, Susan K. [1 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Chem & Petr Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
[2] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
[3] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
[4] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Chem & Biochem, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA
[5] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA
关键词
conductive-AFM; ionic liquid; polymer electrolyte; silver filament; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE); SOLID ELECTROLYTES; BATTERIES; CONDUCTIVITY; METAMATERIALS; SALTS;
D O I
10.1002/smll.201802023
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
Materials with reconfigurable optical properties are candidates for applications such as optical cloaking and wearable sensors. One approach to fabricate these materials is to use external fields to form and dissolve nanoscale conductive channels in well-defined locations within a polymer. In this study, conductive atomic force microscopy is used to electrochemically form and dissolve nanoscale conductive filaments at spatially distinct points in a polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA)-based electrolyte blended with varying amounts of ionic liquid (IL) and silver salt. The fastest filament formation and dissolution times are detected in a PEGDA/IL composite that has the largest modulus (several GPa) and the highest polymer crystal fraction. This is unexpected because filament formation and dissolution events are controlled by ion transport, which is typically faster within amorphous regions where polymer mobility is high. Filament kinetics in primarily amorphous and crystalline regions are measured, and two different mechanisms are observed. The formation time distributions show a power-law dependence in the crystalline regions, attributable to hopping-based ion transport, while amorphous regions show a normal distribution. The results indicate that the timescale of filament formation/dissolution is determined by local structure, and suggest that structure could be used to tune the optical properties of the film.
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页数:8
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