Altitudinal Precipitation Gradients in the Tropics from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Precipitation Radar

被引：23

作者：

Anders, Alison M. ^{[1
]}

Nesbitt, Stephen W. ^{[2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Champaign, IL 61820 USA

[2] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61820 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY | 2015年 / 16卷 / 01期

关键词：

OROGRAPHIC PRECIPITATION; NORTHEAST BRAZIL; COMPLEX TERRAIN; INDIAN MONSOON; VARIABILITY; CIRCULATION; SCALES;

D O I：

10.1175/JHM-D-14-0178.1

中图分类号：

P4 [大气科学（气象学）];

学科分类号：

0706 ; 070601 ;

摘要：

A Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) climatology shows variability in surface precipitation rate-elevation relationships across the tropics. Vertical profiles of radar reflectivity and profiles of specific humidity and cross-barrier moisture fluxes during precipitation events from the Interim European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis reveal four precipitation regimes with distinct precipitation mechanisms: 1) a tropical regime with a broad precipitation maximum at similar to 1500 m where convection is triggered by orographic lifting; 2) a trade winds regime with a near-sea level precipitation maximum dominated by forced ascent due to prevailing winds and the presence of dry air aloft; 3) a wet monsoon regime with a low-elevation precipitation maximum driven by efficient precipitation generation, large low-level cross-barrier moisture fluxes, and multiple convective modes; and 4) a dry monsoon regime with a high-elevation precipitation maximum reflecting intense convection and stratiform rain with a strong evaporation signature. In general, surface precipitation-elevation relationships across the tropics feature lower-elevation precipitation maxima relative to typical midlatitude regimes.

引用

页码：441 / 448

页数：8

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