By combining X-ray imaging technology and low light level imaging technology, the authors' research group designed the novel combined X-ray image intensifier. Different from the imported conventional one, it is an X-ray screen lens coupled with a brightness intensifier, and is a non-vacuum device. In this paper, the novel combined X-ray image intensifier is described in terms of its structure, imaging principle and imaging performance, and the comparisons of the structure, imaging principle and imaging performance between the novel combined one and the conventional one are given in detail. It is clear that the conventional medical tube is a little better than the novel combined one in imaging performance, whereas the novel combined one has a very high cost effectiveness and the satisfied imaging performance, and moreover, the quality disparity between the novel combined one and the imported medical one is being shortened. The novel combined one meets the X-ray imaging standard in many science and research fields and is convenient-to be accepted by the usual users and has wide application fields such as industrial detection, nondestructive test and airport security check.