Free speaking in peripheral situation: J. M. Coetzee's resistance to oppressive authority

J. M. Coetzee was an intellectual who had courage to revolt and to speak out his own words in the peripheral situation of the present age. When he was confronted with not only political control and censorship but also pressure of dominant literary ideas which obliged authors to obey, he insisted on his independent choice. His resistance to European literary tradition showed his awareness of constructing the independent property of South African literature. This revolting gesture towards all authority and rules had turned out to be an idea. So freedom became a base point for the understanding of J. M. Coetzee and his works.