Cord blood and maternal serum preptin and irisin concentrations are regulated independently in GDM

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to examine the maternal serum and cord blood irisin and preptin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and correlate their levels-with demographic and biochemical parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 21 pregnant women with GDM and 21 BMI and age-matched pregnant women without GDM were included in the study. They underwent 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) between 24-28th gestational weeks. Women with a GCT result higher than 140 mg/dl received 100 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Detection of one of the following criteria after OGTT was accepted as GDM: fasting plasma glucose level 92 mg/dL; 1-h plasma glucose level 180 mg/dL; and 2-h plasma glucose 153 mg/dL. Correlation between metabolic parameters and cord blood and maternal serum preptin and irisin levels in GDM and non-GDM subjects were analyzed. RESULTS: Maternal serum preptin values of GDM subjects were similar to the serum preptin values of non-GDM control subjects (123.12 +/- 34.3 mu g/mL vs. 112.02 +/- 12.0 mu g/mL, p<0.23). Cord blood preptin levels of GDM (64.3 +/- 1.09 mu g/mL vs. 123.12 +/- 34.3 mu g/mL, p<0.03) and non-GDM subjects (59.2 +/- 021 mu g/mL vs. 112.02 +/- 12.0 mu g/mL, p<0.02) were significantly lower than the maternal serum preptin values. Serum preptin levels of GDM group were positively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0.33, p<0.04), but not with other parameters. Maternal serum irisin levels in the GDM group were lower than the non-GDM control group (5.32 +/- 0.44 mu g/mL vs. 7.74 +/- 4.52 mu g/mL, p<0.01). Cord blood irisin concentrations were found similar in women with GDM and nonGDM subjects (4.91 +/- 3.12 mu g/mL vs. 5.01 +/- 2.14 mu g/mL, p<0.14). Cord blood irisin levels of GDM subjects were similar to maternal serum irisin levels (4.91 +/- 3.12 mu g/mL vs. 5.32 +/- 0.44 mu g/mL, p<0.57). We found positive correlation between irisin concentration and fasting insulin, HOMA-IR. and BMI in women with GDM. In subgroup analysis of 6 patients using insulin treatment, serum and cord blood irisin and preptin levels were similar to those that did not use insulin. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal serum and cord blood preptin and irisin concentrations are regulated independently in women with GDM.