Level of Vitamin D assessment in the serum of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients in tertiary care hospital

Vitamin D has a distinguished role in the homeostasis of minerals. In addition to this, it has many important functions that include anti-inflammatory activity, vascular smooth muscles cell relaxation, and an important role in down-regulating renal renin production. Coronary artery diseases are caused by vitamin D deficiency which can be treated easily. This study was piloted to determine vitamin D levels in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. The study was conducted at the Cardiology department of Hayat Abad Medical Complex Peshawar from January to July 2019. In this research work, 150 patients of acute myocardial infarction of different age groups and both genders were evaluated for estimation of the level of vitamin D. The AMI patients were selected based on clinical presentation, ECG, and enzymes like troponin for myocardial necrosis. Our study assessed vitamin D levels in 150 healthy individuals of matched age and sex as a control group. These healthy individuals were selected by random sampling with no history of Ischemic heart disease and normal ECG. The criteria for vitamin D status determination was as follow; patient having vitamin D level of >= 30 ng/ml were categorized as sufficient, and patients with a vitamin D level of more than 15 ng/ml and less than 30 ng/ml were classified as insufficient. Patients with levels of vitamin D of <= 15 ng/ml were considered deficient. The data of our study was collected, and suitable statistical methods were used for our data analysis. Vitamin D level of <= 15 ng/ml was recognized in 70% of the AMI cases. In 26% of the AMI cases, vitamin D insufficiency was recorded, while vitamin D level of >= 30 ng/ml was recognized in 4% of the AMI cases. Our study showed a considerably low level of vitamin D in the serum of AMI patients. Further study is needed to find out the effect of vitamin D supplementation on AMI patients.