Cadmium (heavy metals) bioremediation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a minireview

Heavy metal pollution has become an issue of serious international concern. One of the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) is known to be a widespread environmental contaminant and a potent toxin that may adversely affect human health. Microbial remediation has been applied as an efficient strategy to remove or detoxify the heavy metals mainly from soil, water and sediments, etc. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most significant bacterium present in almost all contaminated sites. They are often resistant to antibiotics, heavy metals, detergents and organic solvents. This review concluded that P. aeruginosa is one of the versatile and high-tolerance cadmium-resistant bacteria isolated from different environment regimens. It can be used as suitable biosorbent for the removal of cadmium and other heavy metals from solution, contaminated waste, water and soil. Apart from this characteristic, P. aeruginosa, used as potent bioinoculant, express Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) activity, biofilm and biosurfactant production, and comprise key role in metal phytoextraction process.