Tratability of Tannery Wastewater Using a Sequencing Batch Reactor

The leather tanning is one of the most pollutant processes in the industry for the series of chemical treatments that involves and the abundant volume of residual water produced. Tanneries wastewaters are rich in organic matter, nitrogen, solid suspended, salts and other inhibiting substances that affect the processes of nitrificaciOn and desnitrificacion. Sequential batch reactors (SBR) have demonstrated to be a good option for treatment of this effluent because they have flexibility and manage high load charges. The objetive of this work was evaluated the efficiency of a SBR fed on a mixture of two fractions of the tannery wastewater, soak liquour and dyeing effluent. The functioning of the system was evaluated for two hydraulic residence time (8 and 12 hours) and for two levels of concentration of the influent (diluted with maximum DQO of 2700 mg/L and concentrate with minimal DQO of 25000 mg/L). During the reaction two phases were combined: anoxic and oxic. There was obtained that only the concentration of the influent was the factor that presented statistical difference in the four treatments tested, being major removals of pollutants when influents were diluted (DQO <= 2700 mg/L), the major elimination were achieved during the anoxic phase. The removals were in the range of 83.3-85.0% for DQO; 59.6-73.0% for P-PO(4)(3-) and 83.9-84.0% for Cr. The elimination of nitrogen was achived presumably by assimilation, due to the fact that nitrifying bacteria were more sensitive when operation conditions were modified in the reactor.