Risk analysis of dairy safety incidents in China

In order to improve the condition of food safety management and prevent the dairy safety incidents effectively, supply chain and fault tree analysis (FTA) can be integrated to analyze the cause of such issues comprehensively. As a result, the main cause of the dairy incident can be found. Based on the analysis and identification of hazards in dairy foods across the entire supply chain from raw material sources to end-customers, the basic events which can lead to dairy incidents are given, and the accident tree of dairy foods is constructed. After a qualitative and quantitative analysis on the tree on the tree, the minimum cut sets and path sets are calculated. Then, the accidents mode and the accidents control mode are obtained, respectively. The Sanlu milk powder incident and the Fuyang milk powder affair are selected as the cases to prove the feasibility of FTA. We have analyzed 34 basic events quantitatively. Then 114 minimum cut sets and 78 minimum path sets are obtained. From the analysis of structure importance degree of the basic events, the most critical factors are production enterprises lack feedback mechanism (X-1, Food and Drug Administration failed to sample (X-33), Ministry of Health and other government departments overlook or don't have a good supervision (X-34), supermarkets and other distributors make a wrong judgement and sell unsafe dairy (X-32), the industrial and commercial department failed to sample (X-31), personal preference (X-2), family members need dairy (X-3), super-markets and other dealers promote unsafe dairy (X-4), and their structural importance coefficients are 1,1, 1, 0.567, 0.5, 0.25, 0.25, and 0.25, respectively. The corresponding dairy safety strategies are discussed qualitatively, which include: dairy enterprise establishes a feedback mechanism and strengthens industry self-regulation; regulatory authorities strengthen supervision; supermarket and other dealers enhance self-construction; consumers learn how to differentiate between unhealthy and healthy dairy foods; the government makes related food safety laws. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.