Prospective Observational Study of Comparison Between Direct and High-Pressure Primary Trocar Entry in Gynaecological Laparoscopy in Teaching Hospital

Background Laparoscopic port entry is crucial and vital step in any laparoscopic surgery. As laparoscopy is widely used, complications related to it are also increasing which are not seen in conventional laparotomy. Aim The present study was undertaken to compare the ease of primary trocar entry after pneumoperitoneum at 20 mmHg pressure and direct trocar entry without pneumoperitoneum. Methods Total 100 nulliparous patients who presented for elective gynaecologic laparoscopic surgery were enrolled for the study. In operating theatre, randomization of patients was done using a sealed envelope technique which divides patients into two equal groups and assigned as either low-pressure group or high-pressure group. Verres needle insertion and trocar entry was done by fellowship trainee in laparoscopy assisted by senior laparoscopy surgeon. Result In high-pressure group we had trocar entry in first attempt in 80% of patient, second attempt in 20% where as in direct trocar entry group required first attempt in 88%, second attempt in 10% and third attempt in 2%. Time taken for trocar entry between two groups was significantly different requiring 4.42 +/- 0.55 min for high pressure and 1.2 +/- 0.28 min for direct trocar entry. Conclusion The study concluded that high-pressure trocar entry requires more time; require less attempts, easier and surgeon will be more comfortable in repeating the same technique than direct trocar entry.