Posture and locomotion in the rat: Independent or interdependent development?

被引:46
作者
Gramsbergen, A
机构
[1] Medical Physiology, Devmtl. Neurol., B., Groningen
关键词
development; posture; locomotion; rat; EMG; longissimus muscle; gastrocnemius muscle; CTB; dendrite bundles;
D O I
10.1016/S0149-7634(97)00043-2
中图分类号
B84 [心理学]; C [社会科学总论]; Q98 [人类学];
学科分类号
03 ; 0303 ; 030303 ; 04 ; 0402 ;
摘要
In this essay, recent research into the relation between postural control and the development of walking in the rat is reviewed. The adult-like walking pattern develops at the 15th to 16th day (P15-P16). Until this age, postural control, as indicated by EMG activity in the longissimus muscle in the trunk, is poorly phased in relation to the stepcycle. After P15-P16, accuracy increases but only after P21 is the adult pattern of EMG activity in the trunk muscles in relation to locomotor activity in the hindpaw muscles established. Neuroanatomical research revealed that those muscles in trunk and extremities which fulfil important postural tasks are innervated by motoneuronal pools containing conspicuous dendrite bundles. These bundles emerge at about the age when the adult type of postural control starts to develop. As spinal transsection at P10 abolishes their development, we hypothesize that the development of dendrite bundles is dependent on the ingrowth or the becoming functional of descending projections. On the basis of the neurophysiological and neuroanatomical results we conclude that the development of postural control, which reaches its final stage 5-6 days after the adult-like pattern of walking has developed, is dependent on the maturation of suprasegmental structures and their spinal projections. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:547 / 553
页数:7
相关论文
共 43 条
[1]   POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT OF LOCOMOTION IN LABORATORY RAT [J].
ALTMAN, J ;
SUDARSHAN, K .
ANIMAL BEHAVIOUR, 1975, 23 (NOV) :896-920
[2]  
ALTMAN J, 1984, ADV ANATOMY EMBRYOLO, V85
[3]   ONTOGENIC STUDY OF EARLY BRAIN-STEM PROJECTIONS TO THE SPINAL-CORD IN THE RAT [J].
AUCLAIR, F ;
BELANGER, MC ;
MARCHAND, R .
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN, 1993, 30 (3-4) :281-289
[4]  
BEKOFF A, 1979, J EXP BIOL, V83, P1
[5]   INTERLIMB COORDINATION IN 20-DAY-OLD RAT FETUSES [J].
BEKOFF, A ;
LAU, B .
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY, 1980, 214 (02) :173-175
[6]   DEAFFERENTATION DOES NOT DISRUPT NATURAL RULES OF ACTION SYNTAX [J].
BERRIDGE, KC ;
FENTRESS, JC .
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH, 1987, 23 (01) :69-76
[7]   Head coordination as a means to assist sensory integration in learning to walk [J].
Bril, B ;
Ledebt, A .
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS, 1998, 22 (04) :555-563
[8]  
CAJAL SRY, 1911, HISTOLOGIE SYTEME NE
[9]   CONTROL OF THE TRUNK DURING WALKING IN THE CAT [J].
CARLSON, H ;
HALBERTSMA, J ;
ZOMLEFER, M .
ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA SCANDINAVICA, 1979, 105 (02) :251-253
[10]   VARIABILITY AS A CHARACTERISTIC OF IMMATURE MOTOR SYSTEMS - AN ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC STUDY OF SWIMMING IN THE NEWBORN RAT [J].
CAZALETS, JR ;
MENARD, I ;
CREMIEUX, J ;
CLARAC, F .
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH, 1990, 40 (03) :215-225